Masoud Pezeshkian Set to Become Iran President: What It Means for India
07.07.2024: Masoud Pezeshkian, a seasoned lawmaker and cardiac surgeon, is poised to become the next President of Iran, defeating hardliner Saeed Jalili. His presidency promises a shift towards more pragmatic and reformist policies. But how will Mr. Pezeshkian’s leadership reshape Iran-India relations?
A New Era in Iranian Politics
Mr. Pezeshkian, known for his support of both domestic and international reforms, represents a call for change following general dissatisfaction with the hardline policies of his predecessors. However, the dynamics of Iranian politics, where hardliners still control the majority and Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei retains ultimate authority, will test Mr. Pezeshkian’s ability to implement his vision.
“Today, we are holding the second round of the presidential election. More than 700 polling centres are accepting the vote of Iranians. We hope that by tomorrow morning we will have a new president. There will be no changes in Iranian foreign policy and internal policy. Both discourses emphasize strengthening Iranian power internally and externally,” said Iran’s ambassador to India, Iraj Elahi.
India-Iran Ties
India and Iran have historically enjoyed strong economic ties. Under Pezeshkian’s presidency, these ties are likely to deepen.
- Chabahar Port Development: This strategic port is crucial for trade with Afghanistan and Central Asia, bypassing Pakistan. India has pledged $120 million for the development of the Shahid-Beheshti Port terminal and offered a $250 million credit line for infrastructure projects in Iran.
- Crude Oil Imports: Iran is one of India’s key sources of crude oil. With Iran eyeing increased oil exports against the backdrop of ongoing Western sanctions, India could benefit from a reliable and cheaper source of crude oil.
- Regional Security: Pezeshkian’s stance on maintaining the “Axis of Resistance” against Israel and strategic regional alignments will impact India’s diplomacy in the region.
- International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC): This multi-modal transportation route connecting India to Russia via Iran enhances connectivity and trade, fostering bilateral ties and regional stability.
Iran Elections
The presidential election took place after the death of former President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash on May 19. The polls saw the lowest voter turnout since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, with only 39.92 percent of eligible voters participating. Despite predictions of a higher turnout, state television showed modest lines at polling centers, while online videos depicted empty polls and light traffic in some areas of Tehran.
The elections were held amid heightened regional tensions. In April, Iran launched its first direct attack on Israel amid the latter’s ongoing aggression in Gaza. This was followed by intensified attacks from militant groups such as Lebanon’s Hezbollah and Yemen’s Houthis, both armed by Tehran.
While Ayatollah Khamenei has the final say on state affairs, it remains to be seen if recent events will lead to a shift in Iran’s foreign policy.
Masoud Pezeshkian’s presidency marks a potential turning point for Iran’s domestic and international policies. For India, this could mean stronger economic ties, especially in areas like energy and infrastructure. As the new leader navigates the complex political landscape of Iran, the world will watch closely to see how these changes unfold and what they mean for global relations.